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Inventory Management in CPG | Cin7

Written by Bayley Krell | Feb 26, 2026 10:00:00 AM

CPG brands face a constant balancing act: keep enough inventory to meet demand without tying up cash in products that sit too long or expire before they sell. 

This challenge intensifies when you’re managing multiple sales channels and seasonal demand fluctuations. It becomes even more complex when products have limited shelf lives and retail partners expect consistent reliability.

This guide explains how to build an inventory operation that keeps your products in stock without overbuying. You'll learn how to gain visibility across all your inventory locations, set smarter reorder points, and handle batch tracking and expiration dates. You’ll also know how to use the right metrics to make confident purchasing decisions that support growth rather than create operational headaches.

Common Inventory Problems CPG Brands Face

When inventory management falls short, CPG brands face predictable, costly consequences that directly affect revenue and customer relationships.

The most common challenges CPG companies face include:

  • Running out of popular products, known as stockouts, doesn't just mean lost sales today. Two-thirds of consumers will leave an e-commerce site or store and shop from another retailer when an item they are looking to purchase is out of stock.1 Retailers may reduce your shelf space or drop your brand entirely if you can't reliably keep items in stock, especially when EDI requirements demand precise inventory communication.
  • Holding too much inventory, or overstock, ties up cash you could invest in marketing, new products, or expansion. Inventory carrying costs climb, and products risk expiring before they ever reach customers.
  • Without knowing where inventory sits and what's committed versus available, you create visibility gaps and end up making purchasing decisions based on incomplete inventory data.

Poor inventory practices compound these problems as you add sales channels and expand your product variety. What worked when you had 10 SKUs and 1 retail partner breaks down when you're managing 50 products across multiple channels, exponentially increasing inventory complexity.

Core Inventory Management Principles for CPG Brands

Building a reliable CPG inventory operation starts with centralizing your data into a single source of truth. This means connecting your warehouse, sales platforms, and purchasing workflows so everyone works from the same numbers. An inventory management system makes this possible by eliminating the confusion that arises when different channels show conflicting stock counts.

Setting appropriate reorder points for each product requires looking at three factors:

  • How quickly items sell
  • How long suppliers take to deliver
  • What minimum quantities you must order

Fast-moving products need earlier reorder triggers than slow sellers. Advanced systems demonstrate the value of incorporating both internal sales data and external market signals into reorder calculations. These approaches can improve forecast accuracy by 13 percent while reducing product shortages by 40 percent.2

Effective inventory management means aligning stock levels with actual sales velocity. This prevents both the frustration of stockouts on bestsellers and the burden of excess stock on underperforming items. CPG brands need real-time visibility into inventory to make these decisions confidently.

Managing Inventory Across Retail, Wholesale, and DTC

CPG brands selling through multiple channels often struggle with inventory silos. When your retail, wholesale, and direct-to-consumer operations each maintain separate stock counts, overselling becomes almost inevitable.

This challenge intensifies because 73% of consumers expect an up-to-the-minute digitally updated inventory when making retail purchases.3 E-commerce and CPG brands face particular challenges when DTC orders compete with wholesale commitments for the same stock.

Real-time inventory syncing solves this problem by updating availability across every channel the instant an order comes through. Order management software connects inventory levels directly to order processing, ensuring that what customers see as available actually exists and isn't already promised to someone else.

Inventory Visibility as the Foundation of Better Decisions

Inventory visibility means knowing exactly what you have, where it is, and what's happening to it in real time, making it a critical foundation of effective CPG supply chain management. This transparency changes how CPG brands manage inventory because you're working with facts instead of guesswork.

Maintaining real-time inventory visibility eliminates the lag between when something happens in your supply chain and when you find out about it. A unified view of inventory across all channels means you catch problems while there's still time to act, rather than discovering a shortage after customers complain.

Understanding the difference between available and committed inventory matters more than many CPG brands realize:

  • Available inventory: Units you can actually sell right now
  • Committed inventory: Stock already allocated to existing orders, even if it hasn't physically left your warehouse yet

Confusing these two numbers leads to overselling and disappointed customers. Accurate inventory reporting reveals which SKUs fly off shelves and which ones sit for weeks without moving. This data should guide your purchasing, promotional planning, and even decisions about discontinuing underperforming products.

Handling Expiry, Batches, and Compliance in CPG Inventory

CPG brands in food, beverage, and health and beauty must track more than just quantities. This is because FMCG inventory management requires precise batch tracking, expiry monitoring, and compliance readiness. Lot and batch tracking means recording exactly which production run a product came from, which is critical information if you ever need to manage a recall or demonstrate compliance during an audit.

This becomes especially important given that globally, fruit and vegetables have the highest loss rate at 25.4%, followed by meat and animal products at 14%.4

The FIFO method (first in, first out) ensures older inventory ships before newer stock arrives, while FEFO (first expired, first out) prioritizes products with the nearest expiration dates. Together, these rotation strategies help minimize waste from expired or obsolete inventory and keep stock fresh, especially for perishable or regulated goods. Maintaining inventory accuracy requires consistent processes across all locations to ensure these methods are applied correctly.

Tracking inventory manually becomes error-prone as order volumes grow. Automated inventory management handles batch tracking and expiry monitoring without relying on spreadsheets that inevitably fall out of date.

Key Metrics That Matter for Inventory Management in CPG

Tracking the right numbers helps you spot problems early and measure improvement over time. Data-driven decision-making is increasingly vital, with 62% of those surveyed stating their RGM (Revenue Growth Management) capabilities will play a major role in their success in the year ahead.5

CPG brands should monitor these essential metrics:

Metric

What It Measures

Why It Matters

Inventory turnover

How quickly stock converts to sales

Higher turnover indicates efficient inventory management

Days inventory outstanding

How long current inventory will last

Helps identify overstock situations early

Stockout frequency

How often you run out of products

Reveals service level problems

Fill rate

Percentage of orders fulfilled completely

Shows customer satisfaction potential

Excess and aging inventory

Stock sitting too long without selling

Flags products needing promotional attention

 

Inventory analytics help you monitor slow-moving stock, giving you time to take action through discounts, bundles, or discontinuation before products expire or become obsolete. These inventory management strategies help CPG brands optimize inventory without guesswork.

How Cin7 Supports Inventory Management in CPG

Cin7 helps CPG brands maintain accurate inventory, anticipate demand, and scale operations without added complexity. By combining real-time visibility, intelligent forecasting, and automation, the platform reduces manual work while improving stock reliability across every channel.

  • Centralized, Real-Time Inventory Tracking
    Cin7 connects every sales channel, warehouse, and location into a single platform. Inventory levels update automatically as orders are placed, eliminating manual reconciliation and reducing costly errors.
  • Data-Driven Demand Forecasting
    The platform’s inventory forecasting analyzes historical sales data to predict future inventory needs based on trends and seasonality. This CPG demand forecasting removes guesswork from purchasing decisions and supports more accurate planning.
  • AI-Powered Forecast Optimization
    Cin7’s inventory forecasting software uses AI to continuously refine predictions as new sales data becomes available, helping teams respond more effectively to changing demand patterns.
  • Automated Reorder Point Alerts
    Customizable alerts notify your team when stock levels fall below predefined thresholds, reducing the need for constant manual monitoring and helping prevent stockouts.
  • Scalable Infrastructure for Growing CPG Brands
    Cin7 scales seamlessly as your business adds SKUs, sales channels, or warehouse locations without requiring a full system overhaul.

Build a More Resilient CPG Inventory Operation

Start by auditing your current setup to identify visibility gaps. Can you see inventory levels across all locations in real time? Do you know which units are available versus already committed to orders? Answering these questions honestly reveals where your operation needs strengthening.

Standardizing processes across all channels so that purchasing, receiving, and stock counts follow consistent procedures everywhere reduces confusion and errors. The right inventory management software eliminates data silos and supports growth without operational chaos.

CPG brands that master inventory management gain control over inventory while freeing up cash for growth initiatives. Cin7's connected platform helps CPG companies manage less while selling more. With real-time visibility, automated stock syncing, and AI-powered forecasting, you gain the control needed to stay in stock without overbuying. Request a demo today to see how Cin7 can help you grow with confidence.

Sources:

  1. GlobeNewswire. Out-of-Stocks Drive 66% of Consumers to Another Retailer, New AlixPartners Study Finds. https://www.globenewswire.com/news-release/2024/10/24/2968513/0/en/Out-of-Stocks-Drive-66-of-Consumers-to-Another-Retailer-New-AlixPartners-Study-Finds.html
  2. McKinsey & Company. Fortune or fiction? The real value of a digital and AI transformation in CPG. https://www.mckinsey.com/industries-consumer-packaged-goods/our-insights/fortune-or-fiction-the-real-value-of-a-digital-and-ai-transformation-in-cpg
  3. PYMNTS Intelligence. Nearly Three-Quarters of U.S. Shoppers Want Real-Time Inventory Updates. https://www.pymnts.com/consumer-insights/2024/nearly-three-quarters-of-u-s-shoppers-want-real-time-inventory-updates/
  4. Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO). On the International Day of Awareness of Food Loss and Waste, learn how FAO is leveraging data to save food and advance the 2030 Agenda. https://www.fao.org/statistics/highlights-archive/highlights-detail/on-the-international-day-of-awareness-of-food-loss-and-waste--learn-how-fao-is-leveraging-data-to-save-food-and-advance-the-2030-agenda/en
  5. Deloitte. 2025 Consumer Products Industry Outlook. https://www.deloitte.com/us/en/insights/industry/consumer-products/consumer-products-industry-outlook/2025.html