3PL, also known as third-party logistics, refers to a company that facilitates product deliveries for sellers rather than buying or selling products themselves.
It allows businesses to outsource logistics operations—such as warehousing, inventory management, order fulfillment, shipping, and returns processing—to specialized providers. This streamlines operations, reduces costs, and improves efficiency, allowing businesses to focus on core competencies like product development and customer experience. 3PL is an integral part of today’s supply chain management, particularly in e-commerce, retail, and manufacturing. A Statista report states that the 3PL industry may exceed 13.7 trillion U.S. dollars by 2027, further highlighting its significance.
Understanding 3PL is key for businesses looking to stay competitive in an evolving market while maintaining agility, cost efficiency, and customer satisfaction.
3PL is a widely popular service that allows companies to outsource their logistics to a third-party logistics provider. 3PL companies are neither the buyer nor the seller — they simply partner with the seller and facilitate smooth product deliveries to the buyers’ doorsteps.
For example, a smartphone manufacturer might partner with a 3PL company to store, manage, and deliver their products to customers. The 3PL provider handles tasks like warehousing, transportation, and delivery, allowing the manufacturer to focus on production and sales. This arrangement benefits the manufacturer through cost savings and logistics expertise, and ensures efficient delivery for the customer.
3PL companies have gained prominence as one of the most important parts of the e-commerce industry. This is because their operations are highly sophisticated due to integrated logistics services, advanced technology and automation, scalability and flexibility, global reach and local expertise, inventory management software, and more, making them crucial to the success of an e-commerce company.
Third-party logistics (3PL) companies have extended their services beyond just managing transportation and distribution functions; they also delve into areas such as procurement, focusing on various segments of a business. These companies encompass a wide range of services, including product sourcing, freight shipping, and more, providing comprehensive solutions that address multiple aspects of a company’s supply chain and logistics needs.
If everything in your business is going well but you are struggling with supply chain management, you should start thinking about working with a 3PL company. But before you pick a 3PL logistics company, you need to decide what type of service suits your business and addresses your current issues.
The Most Common 3PL Services Include:
If you are running a huge business, then you will need a full-service end-to-end third-party logistics provider. On the other hand, a small business will likely only require one or two of the services mentioned above.
The primary service offering of a 3PL provider is supply chain logistics. Generally, third-party logistics providers are integrated into the warehousing, inventory distribution, and transportation processes of a company making them a great option to quickly scale your business or meet a sudden increase in demand..
3PL inventory management software is a specialized digital tool that helps third-party logistics companies keep track of inventory, streamline operations, and improve efficiency. To ensure that goods are handled efficiently and accurately, the software brings together key inventory functions including:
Inventory management softwarehelps businesses and their 3PL providers stay connected by syncing inventory data across all systems. It integrates with e-commerce platforms, point-of-sale systems, and other business software to ensure real-time accuracy and seamless operations.
A Fourth-Party Logistics (4PL) provider represents an evolution in supply chain management and logistics. Unlike a Third-Party Logistics (3PL) provider, which typically focuses on singular aspects of a company’s distribution and fulfillment services, a 4PL provider offers a more comprehensive set of supply chain services.
4PL refers to further outsourcing the logistics management to the external organization, reducing your workload. The 4PL provider will oversee the entire logistics process, which also includes processes like return merchandise authorization (RMA). UPS 4PL services, Amazon FBA, and Accenture 4PL services are some of the market leaders in this category.
Typically, 4PL providers command considerable expertise over the end-to-end execution, which helps you project yourself as a customer-focused brand.
3PLs, dropshipping, and freight forwarding businesses offer a unique approach to handling, storing, and shipping products. Each model has differentiating features.
3PL providers are companies that offer outsourced logistics services to other businesses, standing as a critical bridge in the supply chain. In contrast to other methods like dropshipping or freight forwarding, 3PLs have a broader scope. They handle warehousing, distribution, fulfillment, and transportation for retailers or manufacturers that own the inventory.
In dropshipping, retailers do not own or store inventory. Instead, when a product is sold, the retailer transfers the order details directly to a supplier or manufacturer, who then ships the product to the end customer. This model reduces financial risk for the retailer, as there’s minimal upfront investment in inventory.
Freight forwarders specialize in the storage and shipment of merchandise, typically focusing on the international transport of goods. While they share some similarities with 3PLs in handling shipping, they don’t provide comprehensive warehousing or own the inventory. Their role is coordinating between shippers and transportation services.
They manage documentation, work with carriers, and might provide temporary storage solutions. Compared to dropshipping, freight forwarders don’t directly interact with the end consumer and have a broader responsibility, ensuring that goods navigate the complexities of international shipping.
Businesses today are turning to third-party logistics (3PL) providers for warehouse management, inventory management, and other logistics solutions. By outsourcing these tasks, they can focus on their core business while improving efficiency and customer satisfaction.
Here are the most common types of 3PL companies and contracts:
As your business grows, logistics can become a bottleneck—delays increase, costs rise, and scaling fulfillment becomes overwhelming. A third-party logistics (3PL) provider can help, but how do you know if it’s the right time to outsource? Here are key signs your company might be ready for a 3PL.
At the start, handling fulfillment in-house is manageable. But as your business scales, shipping, warehousing, and order accuracy become more difficult to manage efficiently.
Signs you’re struggling with growth:
How a 3PL helps:
As businesses grow, their logistics needs evolve. One of the key advantages of partnering with a 3PL provider is the ability to scale operations up or down based on demand. Whether dealing with seasonal sales fluctuations or long-term business expansion, 3PLs provide on-demand warehousing, workforce adjustments, and fulfillment solutions that adapt to changing needs.
Some key ways 3PLs offer flexibility and scalability include:
This adaptability ensures that businesses can scale seamlessly without compromising delivery times, inventory accuracy, or customer satisfaction.
If your sales fluctuate due to holidays, promotions, or peak shopping seasons, handling inventory surges can be overwhelming.
Challenges of seasonal demand:
How a 3PL helps:
If logistics costs—warehousing, labor, shipping, and packaging—are increasing faster than revenue, it’s time to reassess your fulfillment strategy.
Common cost issues:
How a 3PL helps:
Shipping beyond your current region—or internationally—can be expensive and complex.
Barriers to expansion:
How a 3PL helps:
Are you spending too much time dealing with shipping, tracking, and inventory issues instead of focusing on product development, marketing, and sales?
Signs logistics is taking over:
How a 3PL helps:
Managing logistics in-house can be time-consuming and expensive. A 3PL improves supply chain efficiency by:
3PLs bring specialized knowledge and tools to optimize logistics operations:
By leveraging a 3PL’s experience, businesses can avoid costly supply chain mistakes and improve operational efficiency.
A 3PL provides access to established distribution networks, allowing businesses to:
This is particularly valuable for e-commerce businesses aiming to offer rapid delivery options.
A 3PL offers flexible logistics solutions that adapt as a business expands:
Reliable logistics directly impact customer satisfaction. A 3PL helps businesses:
These factors contribute to stronger customer loyalty and repeat business.
Managing inventory across multiple locations can be complex. A 3PL:
By outsourcing logistics, businesses can:
A 3PL allows companies to focus on strategic growth while logistics experts handle fulfillment.
While outsourcing logistics to a 3PL can bring numerous advantages, there are certain drawbacks that businesses should carefully evaluate. Some of the most common concerns include:
Outsourcing fulfillment means businesses must rely on a third-party provider for critical operations.
How to mitigate this:
Although a 3PL reduces costs over time, there may be initial expenses, including:
How to mitigate this:
Some 3PLs adjust pricing based on market conditions, such as:
How to mitigate this:
Businesses in certain industries, such as pharmaceuticals, food and beverage, or hazardous materials, may require specialized logistics.
How to mitigate this:
By addressing these potential shortcomings upfront, businesses can ensure they select a 3PL partner that aligns with their needs and operational goals.
3PL providers play a crucial role across multiple industries, offering tailored solutions to meet unique logistics challenges. Businesses in sectors like e-commerce, retail, manufacturing, and consumer goods rely on 3PLs to optimize inventory management, streamline order fulfillment, and expand market reach.
With growing consumer demand for fast, reliable delivery, e-commerce and retail businesses require scalable logistics solutions to manage high order volumes and frequent returns.
Perishable products require temperature-controlled storage, strict food safety compliance, and efficient distribution to prevent spoilage.
The healthcare industry depends on secure, compliant, and temperature-controlled logistics to transport high-value, sensitive products.
High-volume inventory, frequent restocking needs, and diverse distribution channels make 3PLs an essential partner in the CPG sector.
With complex supply chains and just-in-time (JIT) inventory models, automotive companies require highly coordinated logistics.
High-value goods require secure, efficient logistics solutions with capabilities like kitting and rapid distribution.
Frequent product launches, seasonal inventory fluctuations, and high return rates make apparel brands prime candidates for 3PL support.
Bulky, heavy items require specialized handling and transportation, as well as white-glove delivery services for assembly and installation.
Industrial logistics require secure storage, bulk shipping solutions, and project-based distribution.
The movement of large, heavy equipment often requires special permits, logistics coordination, and precise timing.
Choosing the right third-party logistics (3PL) provider is a crucial decision that can directly impact efficiency, scalability, and customer satisfaction. A well-matched 3PL partner will streamline operations, reduce logistics costs, and support business growth. However, with numerous providers available, businesses need to carefully evaluate their options based on key operational and strategic factors.
An effective 3PL should offer scalability, technology integration, and a well-structured logistics network. Below are the essential features to consider when evaluating a provider.
A 3PL’s warehouse network and fulfillment centers should be positioned close to key markets to reduce shipping costs and delivery times. Having inventory stored in multiple regional hubs ensures faster order fulfillment and improves overall supply chain efficiency.
A modern 3PL should use AI-driven logistics, inventory management software (IMS), and warehouse management systems (WMS) to optimize operations. Seamless integration with your e-commerce platform, IMS, ERP, or order management system is also crucial.
Your logistics needs will evolve as your business grows. A good 3PL partner should be able to handle seasonal demand spikes, increased order volumes, and market expansion without operational disruptions.
Handling product returns efficiently is essential for customer satisfaction and cost control. A 3PL should have a streamlined returns processing system to minimize losses and restock items quickly.
Some businesses require product bundling (kitting) or custom packaging for branding consistency. A 3PL that offers these services enhances product presentation and improves customer experience.
A reliable 3PL should provide transparent reporting on key performance indicators (KPIs) such as on-time delivery rates, order accuracy, inventory turnover, and warehouse efficiency.
Once you know what to look for in a 3PL, the next step is finding a provider that aligns with your operational needs and growth strategy. Here’s how to make an informed choice:
Start by identifying the challenges you want to solve with a 3PL. Common considerations include:
Clarifying your requirements will help you prioritize which 3PL features matter most to your business.
Not all 3PLs offer the same level of service. Take the time to research and compare:
Shortlist providers that align with your business model and offer solutions that fit your logistics challenges.
A site visit or virtual tour of a 3PL’s fulfillment center can provide insights into:
Touring their facilities ensures they have the infrastructure and processes needed to handle your products effectively.
Before committing to a 3PL, establish key performance indicators (KPIs) and service-level agreements (SLAs) that align with your business goals. Important KPIs include:
Clear KPIs help hold the 3PL accountable and allow continuous performance monitoring.
Understand the full pricing structure before signing a contract. Some 3PLs charge based on:
Look for a transparent pricing model that allows for scalability without hidden fees.
A responsive and reliable customer support team is essential for smooth logistics management. Evaluate:
A good 3PL should be proactive, transparent, and easy to reach when you need assistance.
Whether you’re new to the logistics world or looking to deepen your understanding, these answers to common questions might shed some light.
3PL companies offer various logistics and supply chain services to other businesses. One notable example is DHL Supply Chain, a division of the larger DHL company.
DHL Supply Chain provides solutions in warehousing, distribution, and transportation, making it an all-encompassing 3PL provider. They serve multiple industries, ranging from consumer sectors to specialized areas such as life sciences, ensuring goods move seamlessly and efficiently throughout the supply chain.
While most know Amazon for its e-commerce platform, it also operates as a 3PL through its Fulfillment by Amazon (FBA) service. FBA allows sellers to store their products in Amazon’s fulfillment centers, where Amazon handles storage, packaging, and shipping to customers, making it a 3PL service within the broader Amazon ecosystem.
FedEx offers 3PL services through its subsidiary, FedEx Supply Chain. While most know FedEx for its express shipping services, FedEx Supply Chain provides comprehensive logistics solutions, including warehousing, distribution, and transportation management.
The three types of 3PLs are transaction-based 3PLs, tactical-based 3PLs and strategic-based 3PLs.
Embarking on a journey with 3PL can be transformative for your business, but like any significant venture, it requires expertise to navigate effectively. Fortunately, you don’t have to do it alone.
Cin7 offers an in-house team of 3PL specialists ready to guide you. Whether you’re starting from scratch or aiming to optimize your existing setup, our experts stand ready to ensure a seamless integration. Trust in Cin7’s seasoned professionals to set up and streamline your 3PL operations with ease.